В последний день уходящего лета я хочу поблагодарить всех, кто по каким-то причинам проявлял интерес к моему журналу. Друзьям моим - всего самого доброго в жизни!

Все обещания аннулируются, все обиды прощаются [ даже Вас - человека, утомлявшего меня когда-то зимой своим вниманием - прощаю! Вы не догадываетесь, какой великолепный урок выдержки Вы мне преподали... В благодарность за это я скажу Вам, как переводится девиз, который Вы не успели прочесть, может быть это поможет Вам в дальнейшем общении с прекрасным полом - СМЕЛОСТЬ ДОСТОЙНА ЛЮБВИ ].

Всем мира в душе и благополучия! Пусть Ваши достойные мечты достигаются достойными средствами! И удачи!

"Tanabata (七夕 tanabata?, meaning "Evening of the seventh") is a Japanese star festival, derived from the Chinese star festival, Qi Xi (七夕 "The Night of Sevens")．
It celebrates the meeting of Orihime (Vega) and Hikoboshi (Altair). The Milky Way, a river made from stars that crosses the sky, separates these lovers, and they are allowed to meet only once a year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month of the lunisolar calendar. Since the stars come out at night, the celebration is held at night."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanabata
http://www.bite-japan.com/kako/calendar07-e.html

Друзья мои!
Начинается традиционная пора отпусков - мы с вами расстаёмся до сентября.
Пусть всё в вашей жизни складывается удачно!
Всего доброго!
P.S. Не забудьте посмотреть ещё раз на звёзды 7 июля - праздновать День Влюблённых можно по-разному...

Вчера возвращаюсь домой после небольшой прощальной вечеринки - вижу стоящего в метре от меня поссума на земле. "Bonsoir" - поздоровалась с ним; спрашиваю: "Comment allez- vous?". Ничего не ответил поссум, минуты через две подошёл ко мне поближе и посмотрел печально своими огромными глазами. Тут проезжавший мимо велосипедист спугнул моего знакомого и он быстренько забрался на дерево. Дожидаться дальнейшего общения не стала, потому что была искусана комарами... Шла и размышляла: "Если в следующий раз попробовать по-английски поздороваться, может воспитанный поссум и поддержит беседу?" . Вот до чего доводит красное вино!

Cologne is a city on the river Rein, North -West of Germany. This wonderful ancient city, with population of 1 million, was founded by the Romans 2000 years ago. It was also the hometown for one of the Roman emperos - Caligula. During all post Roman times Cologne was a big trade centre because of it's favorable location on the Rein river. Nowadays it still keeps this role. In addition to this it has developed industry, such as the"Ford" car factory and pharmaceutical giant "Bayer", which are situated in Cologne's suburbs.

Cologne is renowned for it's Spring Carnival, a colourful costume procession, which has numerous participants and spectators. For instance this year there were 20 thousand participants and 1.5 million spectators involved. The carnival in Cologne is not only a procession, but also a week of joy and rest for this busy and hard working town. It is an occasion to attend, with music and special types of performances with gags. Here people can share their joy with friends, sing special carnival songs and drink local beer called "Koelsch", which has the same name as the local language spoken in Cologne, it is quite different from German.




Cologne has a big range of museums where anybody could find something that particularly interests them. If you like history you can drop in to the Romano-Germanic museum where you can see 2000 year old artifacts including beautiful mosaic that decorate the floor in the Roman house found during archeological excavations in the centre of the city. You can find several museums of art and even a chocolate museum and a museum of sport.


Cologne has more than 20 theatres. The biggest one is an Opera House which hosts musical events and operas. Musical Dom is a theatre where you can see modern musicals such as "Saturday Night Fever". Among the other theatres there is a puppet theatre which is worth a mention because it is about 100 years old.

Cinedom is another cultural attraction for local people and guests of the city. It is a cinema where are 12 movies are shown simultaneously, it also has several cafes and a modern interior that makes it a nice place to spend time in leisure.

The river Rein divides the town into two parts and a boardwalk along it is a favorite place for a promenade. There are a number a lively cafes along the Rein where during weekends you can enjoy live music.

WDR-West German Television Company has organised street performances for children and adults. WDR is also known for creating a perfect educational programm with recognisable characters: big Maus and small Elephant.


The symbol of Cologne, Cathedral(Koeln Dom), is a beautiful cothic building which had been under construction for about 800 years. This process was completed only 150 years ago. The town also has twenty four Roman and Gothic style churches.

Modern buildings such as the Telecommunications Tower "Colonius" and "Koeln Arena" the giant sports stadium, with a big ice skating area, are examples of a new style of architecture.The Chocolate Museum which is situated on a small island on the river is another example of this new architecture, it has been shaped as a ship.

Bridges over the Rein are objects of a particular interest because each of them is original and represents a different style of bridge construction.



Cologne's Zoo occupies an extensive area where every animal has a relatively large space to relax and live. The animals live without caged enclosures. You can watch the big apes, such as gorillas, in a native environment on a "Monkey Island".

Cologne is a green town. The Botanical Gardens of Cologne are an amazing place where you can see plants from all over the world and artfully arranged flowers planted around fountains, waterfalls and lakes. Cologne has a number of parks and forest areas inside the town.

You can make a trip above river by Skyway; here the carriage cars transport people between the Zoo and "Claudius Therme"(Sauna). Roman types of saunas are very popular pass time, especially during winter among Colognes and tourists, because of an combination of modern sports clubs, cafes, pools and saunas in one huge building.
People of Cologne like sports and you can find a lot of sporting resources around like swimming pools, tennis courts and stadiums. Bike routes have been made across the town in all directions so you can easily make a bike trip for the whole day without crossing a single road.

Cologne is situated in the picturesque Rein valley so you can enjoy a trip along the river by boat and see the beautiful banks with small villages above them, vineyards that are situated on the steep slopes and old castles. There are about 100 old castles along the Rein. Most of them are destroyed but a few still in a good condition and you can visit them and immerse yourself in the life of a medieval castle. A romantic poem about Lorelei, a girl of perfect beauty sitting on a cliff near the water related to this place and you can see a sculpture of Lorelei on your journey along the Rein.

A wonderful quiet flow of the Rein, magnificent nature and tranquil country life are in a big contrast to hectic life of modern Cologne. It is especially nice to see and visit these places just before Christmas, when numerous garland decorate houses. You can visit Christmas market places (Weihnachtsmarkt) to buy a present for your friends or just drink a glass of mulled wine and to listen Christmas music.


Local people are proud of wine from grapes that were grown in the valley of the Rein. Hundreds of different brands of wine are produced there.
Now you can agree with me that Cologne is a very interesting place to visit, but I don't find it a suitable place to live. In this surrounding it is difficult to feel content; especially since the sun rarely shines. Anyway, this city is a perfect place for tourists and everyone can find something interesting in the rich cultural area.

http://www.museenkoeln.de/english/default.asp?s=249&tid=120&kontrast=&schrift=

Los Incas - El condor pasa (1963)


Street Musician - Machu Picchu


Peruvian Music


Spirit Of The Inca: Otavaleno


Spirit of the INCAS

Наконец-то я нашла то, что так долго искала...

The history of communication goes from verbal tradition to written language in a few steps-from pictures of whole objects to schematic pictures, pictograms {picture writing}, that moved to the first written system "cuneiform'' {wedge shaped} (Mesopotamia) and then to ''hieroglyphs'' {sacred carving} (Egypt) and to logograms {knowledge writing} (China), which can describe abstract ideas. It's remarkable, that cuneiform was transformed by the Egyptians and, later, by the Phoenicians and later the Greeks came to all European countries in the form of alphabet. After 5000 years, we have still used them (e.g. this essay was typed in the alphabet system as well), and it was interesting for me to come back to the roots, to cuneiform.

On a map you can see where all the earliest civilizations were developed- in the valleys of big rivers - Tigris and Euphrates (the territory of modern Iraq), the Nile (Egypt) and Huang He (China). The picture of Mesopotamia 4000-3100 B.C. {consisting of city-states as Uruk, Ur, Eridu, Lagash, Kish and Nippur} needs more details: This place which the ancient Greeks named Mesopotamia because it was situated between two rivers- the Tigris and the Euphrates- and this region was also called " Fertile Crescent".
Because of the fertile soil and climate Sumerians collected the harvest 3(!) times during the year. Small villages in the Tigris -Euphrates Valley grew up into the cities.

Mesopotamia developed fast and successfully (from Sumer we've got the arch, beer, seal, glass, 60 number - 360° and 60 min in an hour, potters wheel etc.), after all Sumerian needed something to keep in order all the broad range of their activity (e.g irrigation system, buildings, religion, law, astronomy, medicine, even literature.) That was rather impossible to do without written language. In ''The World Book Encyclopedia'' (1997, p334) we find this fact: ''The Sumerians produced one of the greatest achievements in the world history. By about 3500 B.C.,they had invented the first form of writing". Writing started in Uruk, as scientist claimed, around 3300B.C. because this city was rich and people needed a method of keeping records of business activities of farmers and merchants first (circa 85% of all written tablets are about economy).

Each city in Mesopotamia became an independent city/state (quite wealthy) and every state had it's own government with a Lugal as a head. The Lugal governed the building of irrigation systems, dams and ziggurats (ladder-type pyramids). Scribes worked for the government as well as for the priests. They did calculations as well. Scribes were quite a prestigious profession because they learned a lot and were an important part of the state machinery. Sculptures of scribes found there are another indicator of their power. "The scribes, like any craftsmen, had to undergo training, and having completed their training and become entitled to call themselves dusbar, "scribe", they were members of a privileged elite who might look with contempt on their fellow citizens" (Walker,1990, Reading the Past, p.43)


If we have a look at children's pictures we will have an approximate impression of the first pictures of ancient people which used them for communication. It let people pass some practical and spiritual knowledge to the next generations. Each picture had to be drawn carefully and slowly. Through time, pictures became more schematic and graphically reflected original detailed prototypes, and for faster writing now used straight lines. ''Later the sign became 'phonograms' representing sounds as well the meaning of picture.'' (Dr Erica Hunter, 2003, First civilizations, p.39) .Cuneiform used approximately 700 letters instead of 26 in modern English. Sumerians wrote on stone, ivory, glass, metal, but more commonly, on wet clay tables of different shapes with the stylus, which was made from reed or from bone, or a piece of wood. The writer just pressed the stylus in the wet tablet, and when he finished the story or list of goods, and the tablets were left under the sunshine for drying, and the tablet set hard like brick (actually, bricks were created in Mesopotamia as well, because of resources- there were not so many trees, but a lot of clay in the soil) and the text was fixed permanently(e.g. for the library) when the tablets were baked. Libraries of course , occupied a large space. Archeologists found plenty of tablets during excavations. Some of them were about investigations in astronomy, some of them about statements of law, some of them describe religious practice or lists of livestock , but the most famous texts belong to a cycle of ''The Epic Poems of Gilgamesh''.



N.K Sanders (1998, The Epic Of Gilgamesh, Penguin Books p.7) declared: "These poems have a right to a place in the worlds literature, not only because they antedate Homeric epic by at least one and a half thousand years, but mainly because of the quality and character of the story that they tell. It is a mixture of pure adventure, morality and tragedy". A great number of clay tablets that contain different versions of The Epic of Gilgamesh were found. One of these versions scientists recognized as an earliest version which existed as a tale long before the written language appeared. They include around 3000 lines of cuneiform, its largest myth talking about adventures of Gilgamesh and his friend Enkidu in searching receipt of immortality. The epic also told the story about the ark of Ut-napishtim very similar to the Noah story. It shows us that the origin of some parts of the Bible was borrowed from the Sumerians.

By all means Mesopotamia should be called ''the cradle of civilization'' (First civilization, 2003, p.4). The investigators of this culture spread through the world, and it doesn't matter that some people know nothing about the earliest civilizations; they still have influence on modern life. The most important and valuable gift from the Sumerians is the written language. We still use it a lot, compared to another type of recording information. Written language worked as a catalyst, its dramatically increasing the speed of progress of mankind. Its so difficult to imagine us, human beings, without writing. From my point of view, the appearance of writing is the most important historical event.

Разбирала свои бумаги и чистила компьютор - 96(!) не законченных проектов за последние пять лет!!! И чего там только не было - несколько книг для детей(одна даже с тремя иллюстрациями о космосе, сделаными по пути в Сидней - цветные карандаши и пастельные мелки), сравнительный анализ культур инков и майя, исследования о зарождении письменности в Шумере, об Александре Македонском, об австралийском кинематографе, о Кёльнском карнавале, об архитектурных изысках для театральных зданий, о мифологии аборигенов, недописанные пьесы - и список можно продолжать...
Решила выбросить всё, если уж не хватило желания на них раньше, то и теперь ничего не изменится! Оставила только два проекта, близких сердцу... Буду считать, что это нужно было для моего общего развития.

Amor es todo.

Прекрасная иллюстрация "пространства вариантов"!

Легко слагаются стихи...

La Panthère de Chine (Panthera pardus orientalis), également appelée "Panthère de l'Amour" du nom du fleuve en Chine, est une sous-espèces de panthère (Panthera pardus) en voie d'extinction.


http://www.chine-informations.com/guide/panthere-de-chine_2039.html

Это самый "антиамериканский" по настроению фильм из виденных мною!
Основная и дополнительная истории красиво переплетены - мне фильм понравился!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travellers_and_Magicians